If your dog’s eye looks red, puffy or irritated, it’s easy to assume it’s just a minor infection but many different conditions can cause these signs.
Eye problems can worsen quickly, so early treatment is very important. If you notice any change in your dog’s eyes, please contact your veterinary practice promptly. Delaying treatment can lead to more serious complications, including permanent damage to sight.
Redness and swelling are signs of inflammation. To help your vet assess the problem, make a note of any other symptoms, such as:
If your dog appears painful, lethargic, or distressed, ask for an urgent appointment.
There are many possible causes, including:
Inflammation of the lining of the eyelids and eye surface. This can be caused by bacteria, viruses, allergies or irritants.
A scratch or wound on the surface of the eye. These are painful and may cause redness, discharge and squinting. Ulcers require prompt treatment.
Grass seeds, dust, sand, smoke or minor trauma (including a scratch from another animal) can irritate the eye.
Reduced tear production can leave the eye dry, inflamed and uncomfortable. Without treatment, this condition can cause long-term damage.
Environmental or skin allergies can lead to itchy, inflamed eyes.
Inward- or outward-turning eyelids, or eyelashes that rub against the eye, can cause ongoing irritation.
Increased pressure inside the eye. The eye may appear red, cloudy, painful or larger than normal. Glaucoma is an emergency and requires immediate veterinary attention.
Inflammation inside the eye. You may notice changes in pupil size, colour or cloudiness. Uveitis can be linked to underlying illness.
More common in flat-faced breeds such as Pugs, Shih Tzus and Bulldogs. Because their eyes are more prominent, they may not blink fully, leading to dryness and inflammation.
Growths affecting the eyelids or structures around the eye can cause irritation and swelling.
