A season is a normal part of life for unspayed female dogs. Hormonal changes prepare the body for pregnancy, which is why your dog may seem a little different to her usual self. Some dogs become clingier or more restless, while others prefer their own space.
Although people sometimes refer to a season as a dog’s ‘period’, the bleeding you see is not the same as menstruation in humans. Instead, it’s a sign that your dog is entering her fertile phase. Being in season isn’t painful, but it can make dogs feel uncomfortable, unsettled or a bit out of sorts.
Dogs don’t go through menopause, so unless they are spayed, they will continue to have seasons throughout their lives, even in old age.
Every dog is different, but common signs that a dog is in season include:
Some dogs show only subtle signs, so it’s important to stay alert around the time you expect a season.
Hormonal changes can leave your dog feeling confused or unsettled, so a little extra reassurance goes a long way. Stick to a calm, predictable routine and provide gentle mental stimulation at home, such as puzzle feeders or enrichment toys. Walks are still important, but it’s best to choose quieter areas and times of day.
During her season, your dog will be highly attractive to male dogs and may actively seek them out.
To avoid an unwanted pregnancy:
If your dog does accidentally mate, contact your vet as soon as possible. Don’t try to separate dogs that are mating, as this can cause serious injury.
Some dogs bleed heavily, while others hardly at all.
To protect your home, you may find it helpful to:
Spaying (neutering) is the most effective way to prevent seasons and unwanted pregnancies. It involves removing the ovaries, and usually the uterus, so your dog can no longer come into season.
Other options, such as hormone injections or tablets, are available but are not commonly recommended, due to potential side effects. Your vet can talk you through the safest options for your dog.
If you ever feel unsure or worried while your dog is in season, don’t hesitate to contact your vet.
No – most dogs do not need to have a season before being spayed. The best timing depends on your dog’s breed, size and health, so it’s always worth discussing this with your vet.
The amount varies greatly. Larger dogs often bleed more than smaller dogs, but some dogs are very light bleeders or keep themselves extremely clean. Contact your vet if you’re worried about the amount of bleeding or notice anything unusual.
No – pregnancy can only happen during a season. However, not all seasons are obvious, so it’s important to take precautions if you think your dog may be in heat.
Some swelling is normal, but if your dog seems uncomfortable or in pain, seek veterinary advice.
No – a white or creamy discharge could indicate an infection, such as pyometra, and should always be checked by a vet.
